Manna issue 72 - The Fall of Satan—A Biblical Investigation (III) 撒但的墮落 - 聖經探索(三)
Relying on Jesus to overcome Satan. 依靠耶穌勝過撒但
By Ci Yi Luo—Taiwan 撰文／羅慈意
Adapted from Holy Spirit Monthly—Issue 423 根據聖靈月刊423期
In part two of this series, we examined how Satan was originally a member of heaven, part of the principalities and powers within the spiritual world that were created by God and good, just as all of God’s creation (Col 1:16). However, when this spiritual being became proud, he disobeyed God, did not maintain his assigned position, and
failed to fulfill his duties and responsibilities. Henceforth, Satan became the fallen one among God’s creation; he turned into the ruler of darkness and the believers’ spiritual enemy.
在這一系列文章的第二回裡，我們查到原來撒但曾經是天上國度的成員，是神與善所創造屬靈世界的領域及力量的一部份，就像神所有其他的創造一樣(西1:16)
然而，當這個屬靈的存在變得很驕傲，他不順服神，不繼續留在指派給他的位置，並且不能完成他的職務和責任。
自從那時開始，撒但在神所創造的世界裡成為墮落的存在；
他成為黑暗世界的掌權者，以及信徒靈性上的敵人。
AFTER THE FALL OF SATAN 撒但墮落之後
After Satan’s fall, he focused on attacking Adam, since Adam had been made in the image and likeness of God. Satan lied to confuse Eve in the Garden of Eden. When Jesus faced the Jews who sought to kill Him, He revealed the sin that Satan had committed from the beginning: “You are of your father the devil, and the desires of your father you want to do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own resources, for he is a liar and the father of it” (Jn 8:44).
墮落之後的撒但，牠首要下手的對象，當然是有神樣式形像的始祖亞當，牠以謊言迷惑了在伊甸園中的夏娃，主耶穌亦曾面對著想要殺祂的猶太人，透露出撒但從起初的罪行：「你們是出於你們的父魔鬼，你們父的私慾你們偏要行。牠從起初是殺人的，不守真理，因牠心裡沒有真理。牠說謊是出於自己；因牠本來是說謊的，也是說謊之人的父。」（約八44）
Ever since Adam committed sin, fell short of the glory of God, and was expelled from the Garden of Eden, sin entered the world through Adam, the one man. Death came through because of this sin and thus, death spread to all men.1 Since then, except for God’s people, the whole world lies under the sway of the wicked one.2
自從始祖犯罪虧缺了神的榮耀，被趕出伊甸園之後，罪就從一人入了世界，死又是從罪來的，於是死就臨到眾人1，從此之後，除了屬神的子民，這個罪惡的世界就被交在那惡者的手下2。
In the Epistle to the Romans, Apostle Paul explains that “God … gave [man] up,” not once but thrice, “to uncleanness, in the lusts of their hearts, [and] to dishonor their bodies among themselves”3 because humans are stubborn and rebellious. This “giving up” of man reveals a world that truly belongs to the devil. Those who disobey God’s purposes, obstruct God’s will, subject hemselves to man’s will, set their minds on things of the flesh, and do not see the truth of God’s will, all belong to Satan,4 the “ruler of this
world.”5 For those who are blind to the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, Satan has become “the god of this world” who prevents the light of the gospel to shine on them.6
因為人任性的頑梗悖逆，「所以神任憑他們，逞著心裡的情慾行污穢的事」3 ，在「羅一18-32」真神三次的「任憑」之後，我們看到了一個屬於魔鬼的世界。舉凡違抗神旨、阻擋神意，體貼人意、體貼肉體，不明察神旨的種種，都歸屬於牠4，牠竟然成為「這世界的王」5。甚至對於那些不見福音亮光的滅亡人而言，牠竟然也被稱為「這世界的神」，專事弄瞎人的心眼，不叫基督榮耀福音的光照著他們6。
His becoming a “god” of this world reveals that Satan did not have his own kingdom or power “in the beginning.” Instead, after sin was committed “from the beginning,”7 Satan began to accumulate other fallen ones along the way, culminating in the formation of “darkness”8 and the powers of darkness. As we observe the world today, it is indeed filled with every kind of wickedness, just as Paul reported: “… filled with all unrighteousness, sexual immorality, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, evil-mindedness; they (the ungodly) are whisperers, backbiters, haters of God, violent, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, undiscerning, untrustworthy, unloving, unforgiving, unmerciful”(Rom 1:29–31).
牠竟然成為「這世界的王」從此可知，撒但並非「在起初」就擁有自己的國度與權力，而是在「從起初」犯罪之後7，一路來撿拾墮落之物而形成一「幽暗世界」8與「黑暗的權勢」，這個國度裡充斥著邪僻與各樣不義，正如保羅所報導的：「邪惡、貪婪、惡毒，滿心是嫉妒、凶殺、爭競、詭詐、毒恨；又是讒毀的、背後說人的、怨恨神的、侮慢人的、狂傲的、自誇的、捏造惡事的、違背父母的。無知的，背約的，無親情的，不憐憫人的。」（羅一29-31）
Although Satan walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour,9 he does not have absolute power because he is restricted by God Himself. Satan cannot simply devour anyone he wants to devour—rather he can only set his hand on those who can be devoured. For example, Satan wanted to attack Job without a valid reason, but he was aware that he could not do so without God’s approval. The Book of Job describes how Satan could see that God had “made a hedge around [Job], around his household, and around all that he [had] on every side” (Job 1:10). Satan could only wander outside this fence or wait for Job to cross the fence. Satan could not even take one step over the fence that God had erected.
魔鬼雖然囂張的如同吼叫的獅子，肆無忌憚地四處遊行9，但是，牠沒有絕對的權力，牠的凶殘暴行還是有所受限。並非牠有不忍之心，而是牠受到神的限制，牠並不能任意吞吃牠想要吞吃的人，而是要剛好遇到「可吞吃的人」，牠才能對他們下手。例如，撒但想要無故地攻擊約伯，但是牠心知肚明，如果沒有神的首肯，是無法下手的，牠看見了神「四面圈上籬笆圍護他和他的家，並他一切所有的」（伯一10），牠只能徘徊在籬笆之外，癡癡地守著出局的人，不得越過神所圈上的籬笆半步。
Hence, Satan incited God to go against Job, to destroy Job without cause.10 For the first time ever, God delivered all that Job had into the hands of Satan, but with the clause that Satan should not harm Job.11 Once Satan obtained this limited “permission” from God, he immediately retreated from the presence of God and began to want only destroy everything Job had with extreme vengeance and malice.
Although this gives us a clear example of Satan’s cruelty, it also assures us of Satan’s limitations within God’s mighty framework.
在撒但激動神攻擊約伯，神決意「無故的毀滅他」10之後，神首次把「凡他所有的」都交在撒但的手中，在此，神卻加了個但書：「只是不可伸手加害於他」 11，撒但得到了神有限制的允許之後，馬上從神的面前退去，大肆地毀滅約伯所有的，其凶狠手段真是絕無僅有慘絕人寰。在此，我們同時看到了撒但的侷促及其兇殘。
Within the constraints of earthly evil, Satan is the father of all liars, the source of all lies, and the source of sin.12 Those whose minds are occupied by the devil become a tool and representative of the devil.13 Furthermore, the authority that Satan wields over the world is not his own. Instead, Satan’s authority has come from evil being “delivered” to
him. For instance, Paul named and “delivered” to Satan the blasphemers Hymenaeus and Alexander, who had rejected their consciences and whose faith had suffered shipwreck14—in other words, utter destruction.
在這屬世罪惡的範圍之內，魔鬼是說謊之人的父，牠是一切謊言的源頭，是罪的源頭12，被魔鬼佔領心靈的人，他也就成了魔鬼的工具，亦被稱為魔鬼13。其實，魔鬼對於罪惡世界的「權柄」，並不是牠自己從無中創造出來的，而是被「交付」的，並且，保羅曾經把兩位丟棄良心，在真道上如同船破壞了一般的謗瀆者：「許米乃」和「亞力山大」，指名帶姓地把他們「交給」撒但14。
From the facts discussed above, it is clear that Satan is a landfill of collected evil, lies, and corruption. Any promises he peddles are secondhand helpings of refuse that further confuse the people who have forsaken God.
從以上事實而論，撒但的處境儼然是個專收罪惡敗壞的垃圾桶，牠所兜售的應許，也只是迷惑人離棄神的二手爛貨。
THE MANY TITLES THAT DESCRIBE THE DEVIL 有關魔鬼的諸多稱謂
In the Bible, Satan has many names. Based on these titles, different aspects of
Satan’s evil attributes are revealed.
在聖經中魔鬼擁有諸多的名稱，藉由這些特有的頭銜，強調出牠的不同邪惡屬性：
THE LORD JESUS CLAIMED VICTORY OVER SATAN FOR OUR SAKE
主耶穌為我們得勝魔鬼
The purpose of Jesus’ birth has been “to save His people from their sins;”15 only through Jesus can man be reconciled with God.16 He is the source of life and is life itself; He “[has] power to lay it down, and … power to take it again.”17 The Lord Jesus fulfilled the salvation plan of God and met the righteous requirements needed to redeem us, sinners in the world.18 A person redeemed by Jesus’ precious blood19 will be delivered from the powers of darkness and enter the kingdom of God.20
主耶穌降生的目的是「要將自己的百姓從罪惡裡救出來」 15，祂的到來，成為神與人之間的唯一道路 16。因為祂是生命的本身與源頭，所以祂自己把命捨去，也有權柄再取回來17。主耶穌在十字架成就了贖罪的救恩，滿足了神公義的要求，把人從罪中贖出來 18，凡信靠祂寶血的人，就是祂以自己的生命重價所買來的19，他們必能脫離魔鬼死亡的黑暗權勢，進入愛子的國度裡20。
The key to Jesus’ victory lay in His resurrection: Jesus “has gone into heaven and is seated at the right hand of God, angels and authorities and powers having been made subject to Him.” This description from 1 Peter 3:22 explains the meaning of His resurrection. In Eph 1:20–22, Paul also beautifully testified of this, saying “[God] worked in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places, far above all principality and power and might and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in that which is to come. And He put all things under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the church.” Jesus also declared: “Now is the judgment of this world; now the ruler of this world will be cast out,”21 confirming His total victory over Satan.
主耶穌從死裡復活是帶來勝利的決定性關鍵，復活之後的主耶穌「已經進入天堂，在神的右邊；眾天使和有權柄的，並有能力的，都服從了祂。」彼前三22 解釋了祂復活的意義。保羅在亦為此作了美好的見證：「就是照祂在基督身上所運行的大能大力，使祂從死裡復活，叫祂在天上坐在自己的右邊，遠超過一切執政的、掌權的、有能的、主治的，和一切有名的；不但是今世的，連來世的也都超過了。又將萬有服在祂的腳下，使祂為教會萬有之首。」（弗一20-22）。在此決定性的時刻裡，主耶穌亦曾明白宣告：「現在這世界受審判，這世界的王要被趕出去。」21
After the downpour of the promised Holy Spirit at Pentecost, “the ruler of this world (the devil) was judged.”22 The spiritual body of Jesus’ church had ow been established, meaning that “the manifold wisdom of God might be made known by the church to the principalities and powers in the heavenly places.”23 Colossians 2:13–15 succinctly summarizes the essential element of Jesus’ victorious saving grace: “He has made (you) alive together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses, having wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was contrary to us. And He has taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross. Having disarmed principalities and powers, He made a public spectacle of them, triumphing over them in it.”
等到五旬節應許的保惠師來了之後，這個世界的王就受了審判22。主耶穌屬靈的身體教會被建立，就整體的救恩而言，「藉著教會使天上執政的、掌權的，現在得知神百般的智慧。」23，就實際上那些得到救恩的人而言：「你們從前在過犯和未受割禮的肉體中死了，神赦免了你們一切過犯，便叫你們與基督一同活過來；又塗抹了在律例上所寫攻擊我們，有礙於我們的字據，把祂撤去，釘在十字架上。既將一切執政的、掌權的擄來，明顯給眾人看，就仗著十字架誇勝。」（西二13-15）
It is important to understand and acknowledge that although Jesus’ precious blood has cleansed us fromour sins and the Holy Spirit has confirmed our inheritance of the kingdom of heaven, we still “groan within ourselves, eagerly waiting for the adoption, the redemption of our body.”24 We, who have been spiritually redeemed, still yearn for bodily resurrection, just as Jesus’body was also resurrected. When that time comes, the enemies who dominate mankind will be totally destroyed; 25 Jesus’ work of salvation will be complete.
雖然我們的眾罪因主耶穌的寶血被赦免了，並且有聖靈的印證，可得天國的基業，但是，我們仍然心裡歎息，等候我們身體的得贖24。直到末期到了，我們的身體也將如同主耶穌般地復活，就在這個時候，轄制人類的仇敵死亡完全地被毀滅25。主耶穌的救贖大功才告完成實現。
BELIEVERS CAN RELY ON THE LORD JESUS TO CLAIM VICTORY OVER SATAN
聖徒也能夠靠著主耶穌得勝撒但
The infallible truth of the Lord Jesus’ complete victory over Satan is a guaranteed promise for all who rely on Him to triumph over Satan. In our journey of faith today and before we claim victory over Satan, we know that we have received numerous promises as well as witnesses that assure us of Jesus’ triumph. Luke also records the true promise from Jesus to His disciples and to all who believe in Him: “Behold, I give you the authority to trample on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing shall by any means hurt you” (Lk 10:19). In Romans 16:20, Paul too victoriously declares: “the God of peace will crush Satan under your feet shortly.”
主耶穌完完全全得勝撒但的事實，成為倚靠祂的人得勝撒但之保障。在實際進行得勝撒但的行動之前，我們已經得到了如雲彩般圍繞著我們的應許與見證人，主耶穌曾經如此應許我們：「我已經給你們權柄，可以踐踏蛇和蠍子，又勝過仇敵的一切能力，斷沒有什麼能害你們」（路十19）。保羅也曾經作出如下的得勝宣告：「賜平安的神快要將撒但踐踏在你們腳下」（羅十六20）。
Claiming victory over Satan is not based on a believer’s courage or ability. Instead, we must completely rely on Jesus’ precious blood26 by continuing in God’s true way and allowing the Holy Spirit to lead us.27 Then, with the power from above, our spiritual cultivation, and determination,28 putting on the full armor of God, obeying the Lord,
and resisting the tempter’s snares, Satan will surely flee from us.29 To be victorious, we must hold on, even at the risk of our own lives, and remain faithful to the end.30
其實，得勝撒但並不是基於信徒的英勇，也不是憑著真神選民的能耐，最主要的基礎是仰賴主耶穌的寶血 27：在主的道中，倚靠聖靈的大能 28。當然，有了上頭來的能力，也要配合我們自身的靈修與立志（加五25-26；腓二3；彼前五5-6），穿戴著神所賜的全副軍裝，順服真神抵擋撒但，牠就必逃跑（弗六10-17；雅四7）。有時候，甚至於要不顧性命，至死忠心30。
GOD’S APPOINTED TIME FOR SATAN’S END
神為魔鬼所定的時候與結局
According to the Revelation of Jesus Christ that Apostle John penned, Chapter 12 reveals that the archangel Michael will fight with the “dragon” (the devil) before the seven bowls of God’s wrath are poured out. The result will be: “nor was a place found for them in heaven any longer … he was cast to the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.” Satan will be defeated and will no longer be able to accuse believers in front of God.31
依照主耶穌基督啟示使徒約翰的《啟示錄》，我們知道，在報導神憤怒七碗傾倒之前，天使長米迦勒同他的使者與龍爭戰，從此之後，天上再沒有魔鬼與牠使者的地方，牠們被摔在地上，撒旦會被消滅，不能在神面前控告信徒31。
The Book of Revelation assures us that God has prepared Satan’s end a long time ago: “The devil, who deceived them, was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone where the beast and the false prophet are. And they will be tormented day and night forever and ever.”32
撒但最後的結局，真神早早就預備妥當了：「那迷惑他們的魔鬼被扔在硫磺的火湖裡，就是獸和假先知所在的地方。他們必晝夜受痛苦，直到永永遠遠。」32
CONCLUSION 結論
The Bible teaches us that God is the “sovereign one” who has created all things; Jesus is the Word who became flesh, the center of the gospel’s message for mankind and the main axis of God’s salvation. Satan, the “spiritual downfall” amongst God’s whole creation, is actually not that important. What is important is to realize that God takes center stage in the beginning, right to the end. He made the heavens and the earth; He is the one and only true God; He holds sole authority; He is the only self-existing one who created light and darkness, peace and calamity.33
在聖經中，真神是創造一切的「絕對者」，道成肉身的主耶穌是人類福音信息的中心，是真神救贖經綸的主軸。撒但是真神所造萬物中的靈界墮落，牠所扮演的角色不具有重要性。舊約中對神的認識佔著決定性的地位，因為造天地萬物的真神，祂不僅是獨一的神，也擁有獨一的權柄，除祂以外沒有別神，祂是獨一自存者，祂造光、又造暗，祂施平安、又降災禍33。
“In the beginning,” God created all things in the spiritual and the material world. “The principality and power” of the spiritual world, by virtue of its conceited nature, went from being innocent and belonging to God to “fallen.” Thereafter, the “fallen,” or Satan, tempted Adam with lies and deceit, causing Adam to sin against God. Satan became the ruler and holder of the world of darkness. Yet because of love, the Word became flesh, and through His own blood, that Word, Jesus, broke the bondage of death for mankind. The resurrection of the Lord Jesus became the model for mankind’s salvation from spiritual death, completely destroying the power of Satan and bringing to pass the saying: “Death is swallowed up in victory.”34 As long as we trust and obey the Lord God, we will sing triumphant songs of victory over Satan, from now until forever.
「在起初」真神創造了包括靈界與物質界的萬有，在萬有的靈界中「執政的與掌權的」，因著自高自大而從原本屬神的善中「墮落」了，在牠以「便如神」的看家伎倆誘惑始祖犯罪之後，牠成為管轄這幽暗世界的掌權者。因著愛，神道成肉身，藉著愛子的血，打破了死的囚牢，主耶穌的復活，成為得救之人身體復活的樣本，撒但的權勢全然被毀，死被得勝吞滅34。我們只要信靠祂，唱出得勝撒但的凱歌就從現在直到永遠。
1. Rom 3:23, 5:12 羅 3：23；5：12
2. 1 Jn 5:19 約壹 5：19
3. Rom 1:18–32 羅 1：18-32
4. Mt 16: 23; Lk 12:3; Mk 8:33; Rom 8:5,7 太 16：23；路 12：3；可 8：33；羅 8：5/7
5. Jn 12:31 約 12：31
6. 2 Cor 4:4 林後 4：4
7. 1 Jn 3:8 約壹 3：8
8. Eph 6:12 弗 6：12
9. 1 Pet 5:8–9 彼前 5：8-9
10. Job 2:3 伯 2：3
11. Job 1:12 伯 1：12
12. Jn 8:44; 1 Jn 3:8,12 約 8：44；約壹 3：8，12
13. Jn 6:70, 13:2 約 6：70；13：2
14. 1 Tim 1:19–20 提前 1：19-20
15. Mt 1:21; 1 Tim 1:15 太 1：21，提前 1：15
16. Jn 14:6; Acts 11–12 約 15：15；徒 11-12
17. Jn 10:17–18 約 10：17-18
18. Tit 2:14; Heb 9:12–14 多2：15；來 9：12-14
19. 1 Cor 6:20, 7:23 林前 6：20；7：23
20. Acts 26:18; Col 1:13 徒 26：18；西 1：13
21. Jn 12:31 約 12：31
22. Jn 16:11 約 16：11
23. Eph 3:10 弗 3：10
24. Rom 8:21–24; Eph 1:13–14 羅 8：21-24；弗 1：13-14
25. 1 Cor 15:25 林前 15：25
26. Rev 12:11; Col 1:13–14; Gal 3:27 啟 12：11；西 1：13-14；加 3：27
27. Mt 12:28; Rom 8:13 太 12：28；羅 8：13
28. Gal 5:25–26; Phil 2:3; 1 Pet 5:5–6 加 5：25；腓 2：3；彼前 5：5-6
29. Eph 6:10–17; Jas 4:7 弗 6：10-17；雅 4：7
30. Rev 2:10; Rom 8:35–39; Acts 20:22–24 啟 2：10；羅 8：35-39；徒 20：22-24
31. Rev 12:7–10 啟 12：7-10
32. Rev 20:10 啟 20：10
33. Isa 45:7 賽 45：7
34. 1 Cor 15:54 林前 15：54
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歡迎主內同靈來信加入英翻中的事工
目前英文嗎哪雜誌為二個月出版一刊
每位譯者會是二個月翻譯一篇英文稿
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