Manna issue 75 - Christian Viewpoint on Festivals 基督徒的節慶觀點
Which festivals can Christians participate in? 基督徒可以慶祝什麼節日呢？
Adapted from lecture notes from Singapore 節錄自新加坡講道講義
INTRODUCTION 介紹
Festivals confront Christians at every
turn. At home, we observe various
festivities as part of our family
traditions. At school and at work, local
festivals may be officially celebrated.
Our friends may also invite us to join
in their festivities. But which festivals
can Christians participate in and
which ones should we avoid?
基督徒常常會碰到節慶。
在家中，我們有各種節慶，就像在我們自已家族裡，會有一些傳統。
無論是學校或是工作場合中，本地節日的慶祝或許也成為國定假日。
我們身旁的友人或許也會邀請我們一起加入他們的慶典中。
但是基督徒可以慶祝什麼節日呢？或應該避免那些節日呢？
Our guide is, of course, the Bible,
but before we search the Scriptures
for answers, we need to understand
that there are two different types
of festivals: religious and cultural.
Religious festivals are held to honor
deities or to perform religiously
significant rituals. Cultural festivals
commemorate momentous events or
heroes of the community, or celebrate
joyous occasions such as harvest-time
and change to benign season (e.g.,
Memorial Day, Thanksgiving, etc.).
當然，聖經就是一種指引，但是在我們研讀聖經尋找答案之前，我們必需要了解，有二種不同類型的節慶：一種是屬宗教性質的，而另一種是屬文化性質的節慶。
宗教節慶的舉辨是為了敬拜各種神祇，並且是為了舉行宗教裡面的重要儀式。
文化節慶則紀念有重大意義的事件，或是紀念人民的楷模，或是慶祝各種歡樂的時節，
例如：收穫的季節，時節的變化(例，紀念日，感恩節，等等)。
RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS 宗教節慶
Feasts of the Lord 主的宴席
A look into the Bible reveals that
the Israelites too had both religious
and cultural festivals. In the Old
Testament, God Himself instituted
seven religious festivals for the
Israelites. They are laid down in
Leviticus 23 as the (1) Feast of
Passover, (2) Feast of Unleavened
Bread, (3) Feast of the Firstfruits,
(4) Feast of Pentecost (also called
Feast of Harvest1 and Feast of
Weeks2), (5) Feast of Trumpets, (6)
Day of Atonement, and (7) Feast of
Tabernacles (also known as Feast of
Ingathering3).
稍為翻一下聖經，就可以看到，以色列人也一樣有宗教節慶和文化節慶，兩種都有。
舊約裡，神親自指示以色列人要遵守七個宗教節慶。
他們記載在利末記23章，如
(1)逾越節
(2)無酵節
(3)初熟節
(4)五旬節(也叫收割節或七七節)
(5)吹號節
(6)贖罪日
(7)住棚節 (也叫收藏節)。
Christians are not bound to
observe them, because they are
only a shadow of the things to come
(Col 2:16–17; cf. Heb 10:1). These
festivals foreshadowed the salvation
that would be given through Jesus
Christ, the downpour of the Holy
Spirit, and Christ’s gospel call. All
these have been fulfilled through
Jesus Christ, hence we do not need
to keep these feasts anymore.
基督徒並沒有被約束也要遵守這些節期，因為他們只是將來美事的影兒(林後 2：16-17；cf. 來 10：1).
這些節慶只是救贖的前兆，是耶穌降世要來執行的任務，如聖靈的降臨和傳福音的呼召。
這所有的一切事，都會透過基督耶穌來成就，因此我們不必再實行這此猶太節慶了。
Festivals in Honor of Idols 慶祝偶像的宴席
Moving on to the New Testament, we
find that neither Jesus nor the apostles
established any festivals; therefore,
Christianity as such has no festivals.
Needless to say, Christians are strictly
forbidden from participating in
festivals dedicated to false gods. It is
an abomination to God. In Leviticus
18:3–30, God issued this injunction:
“According to the doings of the land
of Egypt, where you dwelt, you shall
not do; and according to the doings
of the land of Canaan, where I am
bringing you, you shall not do; nor
shall you walk in their ordinances.
... Therefore you shall keep My
ordinance, so that you do not commit
any of these abominable customs
which were committed before you,
and that you do not defile yourselves
by them: I am the LORD your God.”
來到新約之後，我們會發現，不論耶穌或是使徒，都沒有立下任何節日；
所以，基督教就好像沒有任何節慶。
更不用說，基督教更嚴禁任何參與敬拜假神的節慶。
對神來說，這是一種非常讓神感到可憎之事。
利未記 18章：3-30節提到，神親自下了這個禁令：
"3你們從前住的埃及地，那裡人的行為，你們不可效法，我要領你們到的迦南地，那裡人的行為也不可效法，也不可照他們的惡俗行。
...
30所以，你們要守我所吩咐的，免得你們隨從那些可憎的惡俗，就是在你們以先的人所常行的，以致玷污了自己。我是耶和華─你們的神。"
Colossians 2:8 warns against being
spoilt by the “tradition of men.” 1
Corinthians 10:18–22 warns against
having “fellowship with demons”
and instructs Corinth members that
“You cannot drink the cup of the
Lord and the cup of demons; you
cannot partake of the Lord’s table
and of the table of demons.”
歌羅西書2章8節警告我們，不要因為有"人間的遺傳"而被害到了。
哥林多前書10章18到22節警告我們，不要和魔鬼有任何的關係，
並且教訓哥林多教會的信徒，"21你們不能喝主的杯又喝鬼的杯，不能吃主的筵席又吃鬼的筵席。"
The command to Christians
to separate themselves from
the practices of other religions
receives even stronger emphasis
in 2 Corinthians 6:14–18:
基督徒所要遵守的誡命，就是要分別自已，不要去作任何其他宗教的事，
並且在哥林多後書六章14-18節，有更強烈的特別指示：
Do not be unequally yoked
together with unbelievers. For what
fellowship has righteousness with
lawlessness? And what communion
has light with darkness? And what
accord has Christ with Belial? Or
what part has a believer with an
unbeliever? And what agreement
has the temple of God with idols?
For you are the temple of the living
God. As God has said: “I will dwell
in them and walk among them. I
will be their God, and they shall be
My people.” Therefore, “Come out
from among them and be separate,
says the Lord. Do not touch what
is unclean, and I will receive you.”
“I will be a Father to you, and you
shall be My sons and daughters,
says the LORD Almighty.”
14你們和不信的原不相配，不要同負一軛。義和不義有甚麼相交呢？光明和黑暗有甚麼相通呢？
15基督和彼列（彼列就是撒但的別名）有甚麼相和呢？信主的和不信主的有甚麼相干呢？
16神的殿和偶像有甚麼相同呢？因為我們是永生神的殿，就如神曾說：我要在他們中間居住，在他們中間來往；我要作他們的神；他們要作我的子民。
17又說：你們務要從他們中間出來，與他們分別；不要沾不潔淨的物，我就收納你們。
18我要作你們的父；你們要作我的兒女。這是全能的主說的。
Paganistic Festivals in Honor of the True God 異教節日，卻用來慶祝真神
However, people love festivals. If God
has not provided any and celebrating
a religious festival patently dedicated
to a false god is wrong, it is very
tempting to adopt a proscribed
but popular religious festival and
celebrate it in honor of the true God.
In history, Aaron was the initiator of
such assimilation. When the Israelites
grew restless from waiting too long
for Moses to descend from Mount
Sinai with God’s laws, they revered
a golden calf idol as the god who
rescued them from Egypt. Exodus
32:5–6 records this innovative and
masterful maneuver that would
be copied by the apostate church
thousands of years later:
然而，人們真的很愛逢年過節。
就有很多神祇，他們雖然沒有設立任何的敬拜節日，但在那時人們的活動，在本質上就是慶祝敬拜假神的宗教節慶，這個很明顯本來是錯誤的，
這就會讓人很容易變得樂觀，去接納一個雖是曾經是被禁止，但卻又很熱鬧敬拜假神的宗教慶典，並且轉化它用來敬拜真神。
歷史上，亞倫就是這種異教同化作用的起始人。
因為神律法的原故，摩西在西奈山上遲遲無法下山，以色列人因此不耐久候而變得內心焦燥不安之時，
他們敬拜一尊金子作的小牛像，並且認為這尊小牛像就是拯救他們出埃及的神。
出埃及記32章5-6節記載著，這項非常具創意及傑出的操弄百姓的手法，也被千年後脫離教會的人，利用這個方式加以複製。
So when Aaron saw it, he built an
altar before it. And Aaron made a
proclamation and said, “Tomorrow
is a feast to the LORD.” Then they
rose early on the next day, offered
burnt offerings, and brought peace
offerings; and the people sat down
to eat and drink, and rose up to
play.
5亞倫看見，就在牛犢面前築壇，且宣告說：明日要向耶和華守節。
6次日清早，百姓起來獻燔祭和平安祭，就坐下吃喝，起來玩耍。
Note that he was still faithful to the
LORD. His intention was to honor
the LORD; the entire shenanigan
was a “festival to the LORD”! Only
that he adopted a pagan celebratory
format. But unlike the apostate
church, he knew of no other form
of celebration, for Moses had not
yet returned with God’s blueprint of
how the people ought to worship.
Nonetheless, God was incensed:
請注意，他仍然是對神很忠心的。
他的用意是榮耀神；
整個鬧劇還是為了向和華守節!
只不過是他用了異教的慶祝方式而已。
但不像是使徒時候的教會，他並不知道有其他方式的慶祝活動，因為那時，摩西還沒有下山，他們也還不知道，如何才是人們應該用來敬拜神方式的基本手冊。
儘管人是無知的，神卻是依然大大的生氣：
“And the LORD said to Moses, “I
have seen this people, and indeed
it is a stiff-necked people! Now
therefore, let Me alone, that My
wrath may burn hot against them
and I may consume them.”
(Ex 32:9–10)
9耶和華對摩西說：我看這百姓真是硬著頸項的百姓。
10你且由著我，我要向他們發烈怒，將他們滅絕。
In the face of this threat, Moses
interceded forcefully. God relented
and spared the Israelites. Otherwise
the entire Hebrew race would have
vanished in the sands of time.
正當面對這種危難的時候，摩西全力的為百姓代求。
神才不再生氣，並且放過以色列人。
不然的話，整個希伯來種族的人都將在時間的沙河之中，被神所消滅。
So it is very clear that not only the
celebration of paganistic festivals
per se is prohibited; the celebration
of paganistic festivals reinterpreted
to honor the true God is also
prohibited. This is because God not
only detests the worship of false gods
but also people worshipping Him
in the way of other religions. The
form or manner of honoring God is
important. In Deuteronomy 12:3–4,
God commanded:
所以，這就讓我們變得很清楚了，不只是異教節慶的活動本身是應該被禁止的；
企圖把異教節慶的活動，再重新解讀成敬拜真神的行為也是應該被禁止的。
這是因為，神不只是厭惡敬拜假神，並且也憎惡有人用其他宗教的方式來敬拜祂。
敬拜神的形式和態度是很重要的。
在申命記12章3-4節裡提到：神命令他們：
“And you shall destroy their altars,
break their sacred pillars, and burn
their wooden images with fire; you
shall cut down the carved images of
their gods and destroy their names
from that place. You shall not
worship the LORD your God with
such things.”
3也要拆毀他們的祭壇，打碎他們的柱像，用火焚燒他們的木偶，砍下他們雕刻的神像，並將其名從那地方除滅。
4你們不可照他們那樣事奉耶和華─你們的神。
And in Deuteronomy 12:29–32,
He added:
並且在申命記12章29-32節，他又提到：
“When the LORD your God cuts
off from before you the nations
which you go to dispossess, and you
displace them and dwell in their
land, take heed to yourself that you
are not ensnared to follow them,
after they are destroyed from before
you, and that you do not inquire
after their gods, saying, ‘How did
these nations serve their gods? I
also will do likewise.’ You shall not
worship the LORD your God in that
way; for every abomination to the
LORD which He hates they have
done to their gods …. Whatever I
command you, be careful to observe
it; you shall not add to it nor take
away from it.”
29耶和華─你神將你要去趕出的國民從你面前剪除，你得了他們的地居住，
30那時就要謹慎，不可在他們除滅之後隨從他們的惡俗，陷入網羅，也不可訪問他們的神說：這些國民怎樣事奉他們的神，我也要照樣行。
31你不可向耶和華─你的神這樣行，因為他們向他們的神行了耶和華所憎嫌所恨惡的一切事，甚至將自己的兒女用火焚燒，獻與他們的神。
32凡我所吩咐的，你們都要謹守遵行，不可加添，也不可刪減。
Jeremiah 10:2 warns, “Do not learn
the way of the Gentiles….” History
has shown that God does not want
His people to honor Him in the way
of the Gentiles. God is to be honored
only in the way He Himself has set
out. Therefore, Christians are not
allowed to adopt a pagan festival,
mask it with a Christian name, force
Christian meanings into its centuriesold
customs and celebrations, and
then celebrate it in honor of Christ.
耶利米書十章2節警告說，"你們不要效法列國的行為..."。
歷史已經明明告訴我們，神不喜歡人們用外邦人的方式來敬拜祂。
敬拜神只能用祂自已親自所設立的方式來敬拜祂。
所以，基督徒是不許去採用異教節期，也不能用基督教的名稱來包裝這個節日，
更不能把基督教的含意強迫融入歷史悠久的異教習俗和慶祝活動中，然後才來說，這些慶祝活動是為了敬拜基督。
Examples of such adopted festivals
are Christmas, Easter, Halloween,
etc. These festivals have pagan roots.
Christmas, for example, originally
celebrated the birthday of the sun
god, Easter originated in a festival
honoring the deity of fertility, and
Halloween initially honored the god
of death and is openly associated
with the works of the devil. Although
some of these festivals may be so
ingrained in certain cultures that
their original pagan roots are lost, we
cannot and must not have anything
to do with these festivals, lest we
incur the wrath of God.
像這種採用異教節慶的例子，有聖誕節，復活節，萬聖節，等等。
這些節慶活動都包含有異教典故和根源的。
舉例來說，聖誕節原本是用來慶祝太陽神的生日，
復活節則是對生育能力神祇的敬拜活動，
萬聖節一開始就是用來敬拜"死神"，這很明顯是與惡魔的工作有很大的關連性了。
雖然這些節慶中，有一些在某些文化之中，已經根深蒂固了，而且好像他們原本的異教根源也已經消失了，
但是我們還是不能，也一定不可以因為異教色彩已經淡化了，而認為這沒有關係，去跟這些已經淡化異教色彩，或說已經基督化的異教節日有任何關聯，
以免我們招來神的憤怒。
History has shown that God does not want His people to honor Him
in the way of the Gentiles. God is to be honored only in the way He
Himself has set out. Therefore, Christians are not allowed to adopt
a pagan festival, mask it with a Christian name, force Christian
meanings into its centuries-old customs and celebrations, and then
celebrate it in honor of Christ.
歷史已經明明告訴我們，神不喜歡人們用外邦人的方式來敬拜祂。
敬拜神只能用祂自已所設立的方式。
所以，基督徒是不許去採用異教節期，也不能用基督教的名稱來包裝這個節日，
更不能把基督教的含意強迫融入歷史悠久的異教習俗和慶祝活動中，然後才來說，這些慶祝活動是為了敬拜基督。
We must never compromise our principles in order to please man.
Instead, we ought to remember that our God is a jealous God, and
that He has chosen us to be separate and holy so that we may
glorify and proclaim His name.
我們一定不能只是為了取悅別人，而妥協自已的原則。
相反地，我們應該要記清楚，我們的神是一個忌妒的神，祂揀選我們分別為聖，所以我們可以榮耀神，大聲宣揚祂的名。
CULTURAL FESTIVALS 文化節慶
As for cultural festivals, peoples of
all races everywhere have their own.
The Jews are no exception. They
have two—Purim and Hanukkah.4
Purim is celebrated on the
thirteenth to fifteenth day of the
month Adar (roughly March).5 It
commemorates the deliverance
of the Jews in the Persian Empire
wrought by Esther6 during the reign
of Ahasuerus [probably Xerxes (486–
465 B.C.) but possibly Artaxerxes II
(404–359 B.C.)].
至於文化節慶的方面，任何地方，所有種族都有他們自已訂下的節日。
猶太人也沒有例外。
他們有兩個節日-普林節和光明節。
慶祝普林節的日子，是在亞達月(大約是三月)的第13到15日。
是用來記念，在以期帖記六章所記載的事件，
波斯帝國亞哈隨魯王(可能是公元前465到486年間薛西斯一世)
或可能是亞達薛西二世(可能是公元前359到404年間)執政的時期，那時猶太人被神拯救。
The name originated from the
Hebrew word pur used in Esther
3:7; 9:24–26 as “lots.” It may also
have been derived from the Assyrian
word puru, meaning pebble or small
stone, which would be used for
casting lots. Lots are associated with
this festival because Haman, the
vizier who masterminded the plot
to massacre all the Jews, cast lots to
find an auspicious day, as he was a
superstitious man, to carry out the
pogrom.
這個名字，起源於以斯帖記三章7節和九章24-26節，所用的希伯來字 PUR，就是"抽簽和命運"的意思。
它也可能是來自於亞述文字 Puru，意思是說，鵝卵石或小石頭，因為是這些石頭是被用來作抽簽用途的。
抽簽是因為哈曼的關係，而和這個節日起了關聯性，
是因為這位宰相，他精心策畫計謀，要對猶太人展開大屠殺，因為他是一個非常迷信的人，所以用抽簽來決定合適的日期，要讓這個大屠殺的計劃付諸實現。
Hanukkah (also known as the
Feast of Dedication) is celebrated
beginning from the twenty-fifth day
of the month of Kislev (December)
and lasts for eight days. It originally
celebrated the winter solstice but
later commemorated the dedication
(or cleansing) of the temple and altar
by Judas Maccabaeus in 164 B.C.
following his victories over Antiochus
Epiphanes who had desecrated
them for three years.7 Hence the
name. Hanukkah in Hebrew means
“dedication.”
光明節(也叫作修殿節，如今之獻堂禮)的慶祝，是從基斯流月(12月)的第25日開始，一連8天的慶祝活動。
它本來是用來慶祝冬至，但因為安提阿古四世伊比凡尼沾污聖殿三年之後
在公元前164年被猶太人馬加比猶大家族打敗後，這個日子，就被用來記念的修殿節(或潔淨聖殿節)。
因此，HANUKKAH 希伯來字的意思就是"奉獻"。
The prominent feature of this
festival is the lighting of a candle on
each of the eight nights of festivities.
There is neither partial or total
abstention from occupation nor is
there any holy convocation at the
beginning or the end.
這個節日最顯著的特色就是，在節慶8天的每個晚上，都會點亮燭光。
這個節日，沒有任何個人或全體對各種娛樂活動的節制，
在開始和結束時，也沒有任何聚集的聖會。
Both these festivals were actively
and widely celebrated in Jesus’
time. Jesus criticized many practices
of the Jews in His time but never
once questioned the propriety of
celebrating Purim or Hanukkah.
The gospel writer John mentioned
Hanukkah, the Feast of Dedication,
in John 10:22 without adverse
comment. It may be inferred
therefore that the celebration of
cultural festivals is permitted.
在耶穌的時代時，這兩種節慶也廣為大家主動慶祝。
耶穌批評許多猶太人的作為，但是重來也沒有對慶祝普林節和光明節的合適性有過質疑。
福音書作者約翰，在約翰福音十章22節有提過光明節，就是修殿節，也沒有對這個節日有明顯反對的評論。
或許可以推測，文化上的節慶是可以被允許的。
CONCLUSION 結論。
In the Old Testament, God personally
instituted religious festivals for
His chosen people, the Israelites.
However, since these were only
a shadow of the things to come
through Jesus Christ, we are not
obliged to keep them today.
在舊約裡，神親自為祂自已的選民以色列人，指導宗教上的節慶。
然而，因為這些事不過是將來透過基督耶穌，所要成就美事的影兒，
今日我們就不一定要實行。
Christianity itself is a religion
without festivals, because Jesus did
not institute any. Yet the Lord did not
condemn the celebration of cultural
festivals. Hence, it is not wrong to
participate in festivals that are not
religiously pagan in nature.
基督教本身是一個沒有節慶的宗教，因為耶穌並沒有教我們要守任何節日。
然而，主耶穌並不會斥責文化節日的慶祝活動。
因此，去參加在本質上沒有異教性質的節慶活動，是沒有錯的。
However, it is important to realize
that pagan practices permeate every
aspect of life—from birth to death.
“Culture” in itself inevitably includes
pagan aspects and “cultural” festivals
will likely involve pagan practices. In
celebrating these cultural festivals,
we need to abstain from pagan
elements and superstition. Inevitably,
our refusal to join in the festivities
may raise questions, make us appear
boring, unadjusted, or even extreme
and intolerant. Yet we must never
compromise our principles in order
to please man. Instead, we ought to
remember that our God is a jealous
God, and that He has chosen us to
be separate and holy so that we may
glorify and proclaim His name.
然而，很重要我們要了解的是，異教活動會在日常生活的每一方面想要滲透進來 - 從出生到死亡。
文化這個用字本身，也無可避免地會多少包含了異教方面的事情，
而"原本是文化上的"節慶，也有可能會涉及一些異教活動。
在慶祝這些文化節慶時，我們必須要免除自已涉及任何異教元素相關的事和迷信。
無法避免地，我們拒絕參與這些節慶也或許或少會引起一些質疑，讓我們看起來就很無聊，不能適應社會群體，或是變得很極端，或是不能包容別人。
我們一定不能只是為了取悅別人，而妥協自已的原則。
相反地，我們應該要記清楚，我們的神是一個忌妒的神，祂揀選我們分別為聖，所以我們可以榮耀神，大聲宣揚祂的名。
For from the top of the rocks I see
him, and from the hills I behold
him; There! A people dwelling
alone, not reckoning itself among
the nations. (Num 23:9)
9我從高峰看他，從小山望他；這是獨居的民，不列在萬民中。
(民 23：9)
But you are a chosen generation, a
royal priesthood, a holy nation, His
own special people, that you may
proclaim the praises of Him who
called you out of darkness into His
marvelous light; (1 Pet 2:9)
9惟有你們是被揀選的族類，是有君尊的祭司，是聖潔的國度，是屬神的子民，要叫你們宣揚那召你們出黑暗入奇妙光明者的美德。
(彼前 2：9)
Footnotes: 注解
1 Ex 23:16 出 23：16
2 Ex 34:22; Deut 16:10; 2 Chr 8:13 出 34：22；申 16：10；代下 8：13
3 Ex 23:16; 34:22 出 23：16；34：22
4 See generally Tenny, M.C., The Zondervan Pictorial
Encyclopedia of the Bible, Zondervan, Grand Rapids,
Michigan, 1976; The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Inter-
Varsity Press, England, Leicester, 1980, 1994.
4.大部份參考 Tenny, M.C. Zondervan 聖經百科，Zondervan 出版社，大激流市，密西根州，1976年；
聖經插畫字典， InterVarsity Press 美國校園團契出版社，英國萊斯特，1980/1994年
5 Originally, it was celebrated on the fourteenth day by
those in villages and unwalled towns and on the fifteenth
by those in fortified cities (Est 9:18–19; Jos. Antiq. xi. 13).
Around 161 B.C. a decree was made to celebrate annually
the defeat of Nicanor, the Syrian general, by Judas
Maccabaeus on the thirteenth day of Adar (1 Macc 7:49;
2 Macc 15:36). Incidentally, the record in 2 Maccabees
15:36, believed to have been written by 50 B.C., noted
that Nicanor’ Day was the day before “Mordecai’s Day,”
referring to Purim. The famous Jewish historian Josephus,
at the end of the first century A.D., stated that Nicanor’s
Day was kept on Adar 13 (Antiq. xii. 412) and Purim on
Adar 14 and 15 (Antiq. xi. 295). After the 7th century
A.D., the observance of Nicanor’s Day faded and Purim
extended itself forward to the thirteenth.
5. 本來，住在村中或是沒有圍牆的人，在14日慶祝普林節，而住在堅固城市的人，則在15日慶祝。(斯 9:18-19；古正典約書亞記十一章13節)。
在公元前161年時，馬加比猶大家族在亞達月第13日，命令要慶祝敘利亞將軍 Nicanor 戰敗周年(馬加比一書 7：49；馬加比二書 15：36)。
很偶然地，馬加比二書15章36節，據信是在公元前50年寫成的，記載了 Nicanor 戰敗日是在末底改日的前一天，而末底改日就是普林節。
著名的猶太歷史學家 Josephus，在第一世紀結束時，敘述了 Nicanor 戰敗日是在亞達月13日慶祝(Antiq. xii. 412)，
而普林節是在第14和15日來慶祝(Antiq. xi. 295)。
而在七世紀之後，慶祝 Nicanor 戰敗日的人漸漸少了，而普林節就自動往前延展從13日到15日。
6 Est 9:16–18 斯 9：16-18
7 1 Macc 4:41–59; 2 Macc 10:6–8 馬加比一書 4：41-59；馬加比二書 10：6-8
小頁 markvmax@hotmail.com
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