10. Manna issue 88 - Ministry Holy Work Series: Delivering Sermons 事奉聖工系列：講道
Aun Quek Chin—Singapore 新加坡 Aun Quek Chin
Editor’s note:
Learning a new skill has never been easier
—there are countless how-to-guides and online videos
offering guidance on almost anything we may need for work or leisure,
from the mundane to the esoteric.
However, when it comes to serving God,
there is no guide better than God’s inspiration
—His word and His Spirit.
With God’s guidance, we need not worry,
but entering any ministry new to us can be daunting.
In this new Holy Work Series, we will look at various ministries, duties and roles within the church,
and ask experienced workers to offer practical advice for carrying out these works,
as well as outlining, more importantly, the spirit we should have.
We hope these guides will benefit both beginner and experienced workers alike.
編者註：
要學習一項新技能，從來都不會很簡單
— 有很多的操作指南和線上影片
能為我們工作或休閒，幾乎所需的任何事情提供指導，
從普通世俗到深奧秘傳的各種技能。
然而，若是談到有關事奉神的時候，
沒有任何事是比聖靈感動，是更好的指南
—祂的道理和祂的聖靈。
有神的帶領，我們就不用擔心，
但對我們來說，要開始從事任何新的事工，就可能會令人生畏。
在本期新的聖工系列中，我們將探討教會裡，各種事工、職責和角色，
並請經驗老道的工人，為這些要開展的工作，提供實用的建議，
更重要的是，同時描繪出我們個人應該所要抱持的精神。
我們希望，這些指南不論對初學者，或老經驗的工人，都有所幫助。
It would be difficult to come up with a definitive method for preparing and delivering a sermon on the pulpit.
In fact, there are probably as many ways to deliver a sermon
as there are workers chosen to serve in this ministry.
Nevertheless, there are important principles sermon speakers should follow.
Most critically, we should do this holy work with the attitude God wants us to have.
要想出一個在講壇上，準備和講道明確的方法，是有困難的。
事實上，講道的方式可能有很多種
因為有許多工人被指派這項宣道事工。
然而，有一些重要的原則，講道者應該好好遵循。
最關鍵的是，我們應該以神希望我們要有的態度，來做這項聖工。
THE CORRECT ATTITUDE 正確的態度
Sent by God to Preach His Word 神差派傳道
As sermon speakers, we must understand that we are being sent by God to preach.
God desires all men to be saved,
but He does not force them to believe.
Nor does He command angels to appear and preach, astounding men into immediate obedience.
Instead, God sends His servants, so that whoever hears and believes will be saved
(Rom 10:14–15).
作為講道者，我們必須明白，自已是被神差遣去講道的。
神願意萬人得救，
但祂不會強迫他們相信。
祂也不會命令天使出現傳道，讓人因為震驚而立即服從。
相反，神差遣祂的僕人，使任何聽見相信的人，可以得救
（羅 10：14-15）。
Beginning the sermon in the holy name of the Lord Jesus reminds us that we are mere vessels for God’s word.
We speak not for ourselves,
but to glorify God’s name.
God does not need great sermon speakers;
He needs sermon speakers who can speak of His greatness.
奉主耶穌的聖名開始講道，是提醒我們，我們只是神道理的傳遞工具。
我們不是為自己說話，
而是要榮耀神的名。
神不需要偉大的講道者；
他需要講道的人，能夠闡述祂的偉大。
Receiving and proclaiming God’s message are crucial to our faith.
Yet, there are many today who do not esteem sermons, either as the speaker or the listener.
This is not surprising, as the apostle Paul warns us:
“For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine”
(2 Tim 4:3a).
As sermon speakers, we may occasionally find some congregants dozing off during our sermons.
This should not discourage us,
but remind us to review what factors could have contributed to their lack of attention and engagement.
More importantly, we must resolve to put in the utmost effort to speak every sermon well.
This is because we have been sent by the Lord to speak His word.
If we do not esteem sermon speaking,
we will prepare and speak sermons perfunctorily.
Instead, we should give our best and treasure each opportunity we have to serve God in this ministry.
領受宣講神的訊息，對我們的信仰至關重要。
然而，今天有許多人，無論是講道者還是聽眾，並不尊重講道。
這其實並不奇怪，正如使徒保羅警告我們的"那樣：
"3因為時候要到，人必厭煩純正的道理，
(提後 4：3a)
作為講道者，我們偶爾會發現，有一些會眾在講道時打瞌睡。
這不應該使我們感到氣餒，
但這提醒我們，要回顧一下，到底有哪些因素可能導致他們缺乏注意力和參與度。
更重要的是，我們要下定決心，盡最大努力把每一篇道理都講好。
這是因為，我們是被主差遣來傳講祂的道理。
如果我們不尊重講道，
我們會敷衍地準備和講道。
相反，我們應該盡我們最大的努力，珍惜每一個在這個事工中，事奉神的機會。
Sermon Speaking is Holy 講道是聖潔的
As God’s messenger, we deliver His word to His people
so that they can realize their sins and inadequacies,
to repent and seek His forgiveness.
Like the prophets and apostles of old,
our responsibility is to explain the word of God,
to lead man to come before Him.
作為神的使者，我們要將祂的話語，傳達給祂的子民
使他們能夠認識到自己的罪過和不足之處，
並能悔改並尋求祂的寬恕。
就像古代的先知和使徒一樣，
我們的責任是解釋清楚神的話語，
帶領人來到祂面前。
As a holy ministry that brings man before God,
sermon speaking must be revered and taken seriously.
Paul said he labored and strived to warn and teach every man in all wisdom,
to present every man perfect in Christ Jesus
(Col 1:28).
Our sermons should not be an attempt to display our intellectual ability or showcase our scriptural knowledge.
Importantly, we must appeal to the listeners’ hearts.
This does not mean that we use rhetoric to appeal to sentiment or manipulate emotions.
Instead, it is a reminder that
our eloquence will not truly reach the hearts of God’s children
if we do not first prepare our sermons knowing that
God is the Author of all worthwhile wisdom.
It is His word, not ours, that must be shared.
因為是帶人到神面前的聖工，
講道必須受到重視和認真對待。
保羅說，他努力作工，是用諸般的智慧，勸戒各人，教導各人，
要把各人在基督裡完完全全的引到神面前。
(西 1：28)
我們講道，不應試圖展示自已的智力，或顯示聖經知識。
重要的是，我們必須打動聽眾的心。
這並不代表，我們要使用修辭法帶出感性，或操縱情緒。
相反的，它提醒我們
自已的口才，並不會真正進入神兒女的心中
如果我們不先準備自已的講道，
並認知到神才是一切有價值智慧的起源。
所必須分享的是祂的道理，而不是我們的話語。
Working with the Holy Spirit 聖靈同工
Paul writes that he speaks not with words which man’s wisdom teaches,
but which the Holy Spirit teaches
(1 Cor 2:4, 13).
The Lord said that when the Spirit of truth comes,
“He will guide you into all truth,”
and “the Holy Spirit…will teach you all things, and bring to your remembrance all things that I said to you”
(Jn 16:13, 14:26).
Therefore, when we speak sermons,
we ought to work with and rely on the Holy Spirit to understand and preach the word of God.
保羅寫道，他說話不是用人的智慧教導的話語，
而是聖靈指教的言語
（1 Cor 2:4, 13）。
主說，當真理的聖靈降臨的時候，
"他要引導你們明白（原文作進入）一切的真理"，
而且聖靈...他要將一切的事指教你們，並且要叫你們想起我對你們所說的一切話。"
(約 16：13，14：26)
因此，當我們講道的時候，
應該與聖靈同工，並依靠聖靈來分解，並傳講神的道理。
The common anxieties that beset the sermon speaker are many.
A lack of original ideas or access to information can throw off even the most experienced speaker.
But these worries are secondary.
The first thing that should come to mind
as we prepare to give a sermon is whether the Holy Spirit is present with us throughout.
困擾講道者的常見憂慮有很多種。
即使是最有經驗的講道者，也可能因為缺乏原創的想法，或無法獲取信息，而感到沮喪。
但這些擔憂都是次要的。
我們應該想到的第一件事
就是準備講道的時候，要看聖靈是否從頭到尾，都與我們同在。
When we are preparing our sermon script,
there are times when we have to stop
because we run out of ideas or cannot understand certain things;
this is when we should seek the Holy Spirit’s inspiration.
There are also times when we suddenly remember a relevant Bible passage we can reference,
or verses that support our message.
These are the small pleasures of sermon preparation
—we experience how the Holy Spirit moves and guides us to understand and apply the truth.
當準備講稿的時候，
有時候我們不得不停下來
因為我們用光了好想法，或沒有辨法理解某些問題；
這就是，我們應該要尋求聖靈啟示的時候。
也有很多時候，我們會突然想起，可以引用的相關聖經經節，
或支持我們論點的經文。
這些都是準備講道時，會有的小樂趣
—我們體驗到，聖靈如何運行，引導我們理解真理，運用真理。
From the very start of the idea generation process,
to gathering information and organizing the message for the pulpit,
we must seek to have the Holy Spirit work with us.
從創意產生的過程一開始，
我們為講道收集資料，和建構重組文章，
就必須尋求有聖靈與我們同工。
ESSENTIAL ADVICE: BRING THE RIGHT “PRICE” 重要的勸勉：傳遞正確的價值
Just as one pays a price for any quality product, sermon preparation and delivery also demands a “PRICE.”
Below are five essential tests a sermon speaker should use to ensure his sermon is valuable in God’s eyes.
正如人們為任何優質產品付出代價一樣，講道的準備和傳遞也需要“付出某種代價”。
以下是講道者，該使用的五個基本測試，以期確保他的講道在神眼中有價值。
Passion: Touch People’s Hearts 熱心：感動人內心
Luke records Jesus meeting two of His disciples on the road to Emmaus, after His resurrection:
as He spoke on the Scriptures, their hearts burned within them
(Lk 24:32).
Beyond eloquence, what truly gets the message across is being able to touch the hearts of the listeners.
路加記載耶穌復活後，在去以馬忤斯的路上遇見了祂的兩個門徒：
當他談及聖經的時候，他們的內心在裡面燃燒
（路 24:32）。
除了口才之外，能夠真正讓訊息傳達過去的是，講者能夠觸動聽眾的內心。
Some speak eloquently, with well-prepared scripts.
While listeners may enjoy these sermons, their hearts are not touched.
Sermons that touch hearts are those that carry the authority of God’s word,
and trigger a sense of awe and fear toward God.
Such sermons make the listeners feel remorseful before God and bring about repentance.
They are filled with hope, making the listeners yearn for the better home in heaven.
有些人口才說得很好，有精心準備的講稿。
雖然聽眾可能會喜歡這些講道，但他們的心並沒有受到感動。
觸動人心的講道，是那些帶有神話語權柄的訊息，
並引發人對神感覺到驚嘆和畏懼。
這樣的講道，能使聽者在神面前感到自責，並且懺悔。
他們是充滿了盼望，讓聽眾嚮往天上更好的家鄉。
Hence, a touching sermon is not about eloquence.
Ultimately, it is about whether the sermon speaker works with the Holy Spirit,
and whether he puts his heart and soul into his sermon.
因此，一場感人的講道與口才無關。
歸根究底的是，講道者是否與聖靈同工，
以及他是否全心全意地投入講道。
Relevance to Believers’ Lives 連結到信徒的生活
A sermon is not just about expounding biblical knowledge,
it should also help the members grow and renew their faith.
It ought to explain how this truth can be relevantly applied in the listeners’ lives;
to this end, a sermon should have breadth and depth.
The message delivered by Moses in Deuteronomy was one
that was relevant to the congregation’s lives,
teaching them to obey the word of God
and, thereby, gain God’s favor instead of incurring His wrath
(Deut 32:46–47).
講道不僅僅是詳細說明聖經知識，
它還應該幫助信徒成長和更新他們的信心。
應該要解釋，如何將這個真理相關地應用到聽眾的生活中；
為此目的，講道應該包含廣度和深度。
摩西在申命記中傳達的信息，
就是與會眾的生活有關一種範例，
教導他們遵守神的道理，
從而獲得上帝的疼愛，而不是招致他的憤怒
（申 32：46-47）。
If a sermon only focuses on depth (deepening scriptural knowledge),
it will be too highbrow for many congregants,
and is of no relevance to their lives.
Believers feel that such sermons are dry and dull.
Hence, one has to apply breadth
—helping believers see the relevance of these scriptural precepts and concepts to their lives.
Then, they will be edified.
如果講道只注重深度（深入探討聖經知識），
對於許多會眾來說，這太過於高談闊論，
並且與他們的生活無關。
信徒就會覺得這樣的講道是枯燥乏味的。
因此，必須談及應用的廣度，
—幫助信徒看到這些經文戒律和概念，如何與他們的生活息息相關。
然後，他們會得到造就。
Delivering sermons differs greatly from giving speeches.
Audiences applaud the speaker if his speech is entertaining or interesting.
They respond to his public rhetoric and have minimal expectations of his private life.
But sermons deliver the word of God,
so we have to live out the words we speak.
While the congregants listen to our sermon delivered on the pulpit,
they will observe our behavior off the pulpit.
If the sermons we speak are unable to transform us,
how can we demand that the hearers be transformed?
Therefore, Paul encouraged Timothy to give attention to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine.
One ought to pursue improvement,
be an example to the believers in word, in conduct, in love, in spirit, in faith, in purity.
By continuing in these, we will save both ourselves and those who hear us
(1 Tim 4:12, 16).
A sermon speaker was once asked how long it took him to prepare a sermon.
“Fifty years,” came the reply.
“Every teaching worth telling is built on a lifetime of practice,
and we are also preparing to live out what we preach.”
佈道與演講有很大不同。
如果演講者的演講有趣或有趣，觀眾會為他鼓掌。
他們對他的公開言論會做出回應，而對他的私生活抱有極小的期望。
但講道傳達神的道理，
所以我們必須活出我們所說話語的樣式。
當會眾聆聽我們在講台上的講道時，
他們會觀察我們講台外的行為。
如果我們的講道不能改變我們，
我們怎樣才能要求改變聽眾呢？
因此，保羅鼓勵提摩太，要注意閱讀、勸勉和教義。
一個人應該追求改進，
在言語、行為、愛心、靈性、信心、聖潔上作信徒的榜樣。
通過繼續這些努力，我們就能拯救自己和聽到的人
(提前 4:12, 16)。
一位講道者曾經被問到，他準備一篇講章，需要花多長的時間。
回答說，“五十年”。
“每一個值得講述的教訓，都建立在一生的實踐之上，
我們也在準備活出自已所宣揚的道理。”
Interesting: Capture Attention 引起興趣：抓住注意力
During His earthly ministry, the Lord Jesus’ words were well received by His hearers.
Apart from sparking initial interest with intriguing questions,
the Lord often used characters, events and parables to explain the truth.
This allowed the audience to understand easily, as well as sustaining their interest
(Mk 12:35–36).
主耶穌在世上傳道的時候，祂的道理深受聽眾好評。
除了用有趣的提問，激發最初的動機之外，
主經常使用人物、事件和比喻來解釋真理。
這讓聽見的人更容易理解，並維持他們的關注
（可 12：35-36）。
We do not speak on topics that interest us only.
Rather, we need to stir the congregation’s interest so that we can hold their attention.
This does not mean that we have to tell jokes or recount entertaining stories.
Instead, the Lord’s example teaches us to explain the significance of the truth
by using familiar and relatable characters and situations.
This helps the listeners understand and sustain their attention.
我們不只談論，讓我們感興趣的話題。
相反，我們需要激起會眾的興趣，
以便抓住他們的注意力。
這並不代表了，我們必須講笑話，或講述有趣的故事。
相反地，主的例子，就是教導我們解釋真理的重要性，
通過使用大家熟悉和相關的人物和情況。
這有助於聽眾，理解並維持他們的注意力。
To be able to do this, we must research, read and gather information.
When we are not lacking in information,
we can make the content of our sermons rich and interesting.
為了能夠做到這一點，我們必須研究、閱讀和收集資料。
當我們沒有缺乏資料的時候，
就可以使講道的內容豐富而有趣。
If we hear feedback that our sermons are too profound and hard for the congregants to understand,
we are not being asked to stop speaking profound sermons.
Rather, we should spend more time explaining any complex concepts using accessible words and examples.
如果我們聽到反饋說，我們的講道太過於艱深，並且難以讓會眾理解的時候，
我們並不是被要求，要停止講深入的道理。
相反，我們應該花更多時間，使用易於理解的詞彙和範例，來解釋任何復雜的概念。
When Paul repeatedly states that it is not eloquence or wisdom that redeems his message,
he is not confessing ineptitude.
Rather, he is reminding us that the basics
—relatable, simple ideas, told in relatable, simple language
—are all we need.
Instead of copying and pasting everything we stumble across
—an increasingly tempting option with technology at our fingertips
—we ought to slow down and digest the gospel to the best of our abilities.
This is a crucial first step.
當保羅一再指出，不是口才或是智慧能實現他的信息，
他並不是在承認自己的無能。
相反，他是在提醒我們，最基本的道理
—相關、簡單的想法，以相關的、簡單的語言講述
—才是我們所需要的東西。
而不是複制和貼上，我們偶然所碰到發現的所有事物
—而不是因為科技隨手可及，而逐漸越來越多人會使用的選項，
—我們應該放慢腳步，以盡我們最大的能力，來消化福音的真理。
這是至關重要的第一步。
Clarity: Organize the Message Clearly 清晰：系統化解釋清楚
In homiletics—the study and practice of preaching sermons
—good organization and clear sermon structure are indispensable.
Some speakers do not believe in organizing their sermons.
They are of the view that to structure a sermon script based on man’s thoughts produces lifeless sermons;
they are convinced that life-giving sermons are only produced through the Holy Spirit’s movement.
They speak whatever comes to mind, claiming such to be the moving of the Holy Spirit.
From the congregation’s perspective,
this usually results in bits and pieces of scriptural exposition,
stitched together in a haphazard manner, if at all.
講道學—宣道的學習與實踐
—良好的組織文章和清晰的講章結構，是必不可或缺的。
一些演講者不信，要重組架構他們的講章。
他們認為，根據人的思維，來組織講稿結構，會變成毫無生氣的講章；
他們深信，充滿生命力的講道，只會通過聖靈的感動而出現。
他們想到什麼就說什麼，聲稱這是聖靈的運行。
從會眾的角度來看，
這通常會導致一些聖經解釋過於零碎，
如果出現這種情形的話，就是以隨意的方式拼湊在一起，。
Luke did not write the Gospel of Luke whenever he felt moved by the Holy Spirit,
and stop writing when he did not.
He carefully studied the words he had heard from the beginning,
and wrote them down in chronological order
(Lk 1:1–4).
During the writing process, he prayed for the guidance and moving of the Holy Spirit.
If the written word requires structure to convey a coherent message,
what more the spoken word, which is fleeting and has to be processed at a faster pace.
Useful techniques like not digressing from our central theme and signposting our main points
are ways that can help us communicate our message more clearly.
We ought to list the main points rather than mix everything up in one undefined chunk of information.
In addition, the main points should be logically organized:
each section should be coherent and flow smoothly to the next section.
Logical structure and clarity will help the listeners stay attentive and focused,
able to follow and understand the sermon.
路加沒有在他有感覺，被聖靈感動的時候，才寫下路加福音，
並在感覺沒有聖靈感動的時候，就停止寫作。
他仔細研究了從一開始就聽到的道理，
並按時間順序寫下來
（路 1：1-4）。
在寫作的過程中，他祈求聖靈的引導和感動。
如果書面文字需要結構清楚，來傳達連貫的訊息，
對於口語而言，是更需要有良好的邏輯，因為語言轉瞬即逝，是必須以更快的速度執行。
許多有用的技巧，例如不偏離中心主題，及標出各個要點，
是可以幫助我們，以更清晰的方式，傳達信息的方法。
我們應該列出各別要點，而不是將所有內容混成一坨定義未明的資料中。
此外，各要點應有好的邏輯組織：
每個段落，都應該是連貫的，並能順暢地流向下個章節。
邏輯結構和清晰度，將會幫助聽眾，保持專注集中，
能夠跟上內容和理解講道。
Explain: Expound the Bible 解經：講解聖經
Rather than simply reciting Bible passages
or mindlessly rehashing well-worn cliches,
sermon speakers have to do their best to break down the meaning of biblical passages, parables, and principles.
When Philip asked the Ethiopian eunuch if he understood what he was reading,
the latter answered,
“How can I, unless someone guides me?”
So Philip explained the Bible to him
(Acts 8:30–35).
Sermon speakers are also sent to explain the Bible to the members,
to help them better understand the word and,
thus, strengthen their faith.
講道者必須盡力分解聖經經文、比喻和原則的含義，
而不是單純地朗誦聖經段落，或是漫不經心重覆一些陳詞濫調。
當腓利詢問埃提阿伯(衣索比亞)的太監，他是否明白自已在讀什麼時，
後者回答，
“沒有人指教我，怎能明白呢？”
於是腓利向他解釋聖經
（徒 8：30-35）。
講
請道者也是被派去向信徒解釋聖經的，
幫助他們更深入地理解聖經道理，
並因此，加添他們的信心。
Apollos had good understanding of the Scriptures,
but he only knew the baptism of John.
Therefore, Aquila and Priscilla made the effort to explain the word of God more clearly to him.
Similarly, some members may only have partial understanding of the Bible.
It is thus the speaker’s duty to thoroughly expound the word to them.
亞波羅對聖經有很好的理解，
但是他只知道有關約翰的洗禮。
因此，亞居拉和百基拉，努力向他更清楚地解釋神的道理。
同樣，有些信徒可能只對聖經有片面的了解。
因此，講道者有責任，向他們徹底解釋道理。
In Colossians 1:25, Paul says that he became a minister according to the stewardship from God,
so he had to preach the complete word of God.
When we explain the Bible, we must do so completely, accurately and correctly.
Paul reminds us to rightly divide the word of God
(2 Tim 2:15);
while Peter warns us not to interpret the Scriptures based on our personal interpretation
(2 Pet 1:20–21).
在歌羅西書 1 章 25 節，保羅說，他是照著神所賜管家的職分作了教會的執事，
所以他必須完整地傳講神的道理。
我們解釋聖經的時候，必須說的很完整、精準、正確。
保羅提醒我們，要正確地分辨神的道
(提後 2:15);
而彼得警告我們，不要根據我們個人的見解，來解釋聖經
（彼後 1：20-21）。
Explanations have to be complete and biblically accurate.
Incomplete truths and misleading messages are the source of much misunderstanding and confusion,
and can wreak as much spiritual havoc as outright deception.
Therefore, we ought to be cautious when we speak sermons.
We should practice correct exegesis (biblical interpretation),
backed by scriptural evidence,
rather than eisegesis (reading our own ideas into Scripture).
Do not, for the sake of novelty, deviate from the teachings of the Bible.
And, finally, do not speak things which are pleasing to the congregation,
in order to humor or flatter them
(Gal 1:10).
聖經的解釋必須完整，並且符合聖經。
不完全的真理和誤導性信息，是許多誤解和混亂的根源，
並且可以造成，與徹底欺騙一樣的屬靈大破壞。
因此，我們在講道的時候，應該謹慎。
我們應該練習正確的解經（解釋聖經），
解經是基於聖經證據支持，
而不是肆意詮釋（將我們自己的想法導入解經）。
不要為了新奇有趣的原故，而偏離聖經的教導。
最後，不要為了取悅會眾，而說些讓人高興的話，
為了表現幽默，或諂媚他們
（加 1:10）。
A FAITHFUL PROPHET 忠心的先知
The opportunity to serve in the pulpit ministry is a blessing from our Lord Jesus.
We must approach this with the right mindset and heart.
The pulpit is not a public platform for us to showcase our eloquence
and increase our popularity with the congregation.
It is a holy ministry for us
to help our brethren understand God’s will and word, completely and correctly,
so that we can all grow together as the body of Christ.
Every opportunity to speak must thus be treasured,
and every effort be made to prepare ourselves for this work.
Let us ask God to guide us in our ministry as faithful bearers of His word to His children.
有講台事奉的機會，是從主耶穌而來的祝福。
我們必須以正確的思維心態和想法，來從事這項聖工。
講台並不是我們展現口才的公共平台，
以及用來提高我們在會眾眼中知名度的地方。
這對我們來說，是神聖的事奉，
幫助我們的弟兄姐妹，能完全正確地明白神的旨意和道理，
所以使我們，都可以作為基督的身體一起成長。
因此，必須珍惜每一次講道的機會，
並儘一切努力，為這項聖工做好準備。
讓我們求神在聖工上帶導我們，成為祂向神子女說話的忠實傳承者。
小頁 markvmax@hotmail.com
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